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Objective: To study the effects of exosome secreted by ovarian cancer (OC) cell on the differentiation and metastasis of normal fibroblasts (NFs). Methods: NFs were collected from patients who underwent hysteromyoma resection in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from May to December 2019. Exosome was extracted from the culture supernatant of SKOV3 cells by using ultra-high-speed centrifugation. The NFs were co-cultured with condition medium (CM), exosome of SKOV3 (SKOV3-exo) and control medium. The expression levels of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The metastatic ability of NFs was detected by Transwell array. Results: Under the transmission electron microscope, the extracellular vesicles extracted from the culture supernatant of SKOV3 were 30-100 nm in diameter with cup holder-like bilayer membrane structure, and the protein expression levels of TSG101 and HSP27 in exosomes (1.00±0.05 and 1.12±0.13) were higher than those of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells (0.22±0.21 and 0.36±0.14, respectively, P<0.05). PKH67 fluorescently labeled exosomes could be taken up by NFs. The expression levels of α-SMA and FAP mRNA in CM group(2.91±0.15 and 3.21±0.33)and SKOV3-exo group (3.50±0.21 and 4.63±0.24, respectively) were higher than that in blank group (1.00±0.06 and 1.00±0.13, P<0.05). The protein expression levels of α-SMA and FAP in CM group and SKOV3-exo group (0.89±0.11 and 1.25±0.09, 0.81±0.09 and 1.20±0.12) were higher than those in the blank group (0.12±0.31 and 0.11±0.19, respectively, P<0.05). The migrated numbers of cells in the CM group and SKOV3-exo group [(215.01±14.80) and (389.72±19.43), respectively] were higher than that in the blank group [(113.73±4.70), P<0.05]. Conclusion: The exosome secreted by SKOV3 cells can be taken up by NFs, which makes it to differentiate into cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and significantly enhances its metastatic ability, indicating that OC cells may promote the transformation of normal ovarian mesenchymal fibroblasts to CAFs through exosome pathways, and then promote the development of ovarian cancer.
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Female , Humans , Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial , Cell Differentiation , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Coculture Techniques , Exosomes , Fibroblasts , Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolismABSTRACT
As mechanoreceptors, cells can sense and transmit mechanical forces exerted on their surfaces, meanwhile adjust their own mechanical properties to maintain stability. The mechanical force is transferred from cell surface or cytoplasm to the nucleus depending on the complete cytoskeletal system. This cytoskeletal system consists of cytoplasmic skeleton and nuclear skeleton, and these two parts are connected mechanically by the LINC complex (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complex), which plays an important role in cellular mechanotransduction. This review discusses the basic structure of mechanical transmission part in LINC complex and the changes in the nuclear morphology, the location of transcription factor, and the spatial conformation of chromatin induced by mechanotransduction, so as to lay a foundation for further exploring the role of LINC complex in cell mechanotransduction and gene expression.
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BACKGROUND:A mass of debris particles that can lead to cytotoxicity exist in commercial large-inner-diameter multi-walled carbon nanotubes (LID-MWCNTs).Because of the high hydrophobicity on the surface of the tube wall,the carbon tubes can be twisted and agglomerated,resulting in the low dispersion and poor biocompatibility.Therefore,to explore the effective methods of purifying and modifying LID-MWCNTs is the primary problem to develop its potency in the biomedical application.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of different mixed acid reflux time on LID-MWCNTs purification and biocompatibility.METHODS:After pretreatment with high temperature calcinations and hydrochloric acid pickling,LID-MWCNTs were purified under different time of mixed acid reflux time (1,2,4 hours).The mixed acid reflux time for best purification was chosen based on surface morphology and dispersibility,so as to optimize preparation technology and observe the characterization.The L929 cells and CAL-27 cells were treated with different concentrations of raw LID-MWCNTs (5,10,20,40,80 mg/L) and purified LID-MWCNTs by mixed acid reflux (5,10,20,40,80 mg/L).After 72 hours,cell counting kit-8 assay was employed to test the proliferation of L929 cells and CAL-27 cells.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) With the time of mixed acid reflux,the length of LID-MWCNTs was decreased,and the dispersion was improved.However,the external surface of the tubes after mixed acid reflux 2 and 4 hours were destroyed obviously.Especially after mixed acid reflux 4 hours,the tubes were destroyed seriously and the diameter of tubes was not uniform.However,after mixed acid reflux 1 hour,the fundamental structure and morphology of the tubes were not changed,the debris particles were undetected on the tube wall surface,and the tubes had the good dispersion.(2) Under the same concentration,the survival rate of L929 cells in the raw LID-MWCNTs group was lower than that in the purified LID-MWCNTs group.At the concentration of 10-80 mg/L,the survival rate of L929 cells in the group of mixed acids reflux 1 hour was up to 90％,higher than that in the other groups (P ＜ 0.05).(3) Under the same concentration,the survival rate of CAL-27 cells in the raw LID-MWCNTs group was lower than that in the purified LID-MWCNTs.At the concentration of 20-80 mg/L,the survival rate of CAL-27 cells in the group of mixed acids reflux 1 hour was up to 90％,higher than that in the other groups (P ＜ 0.05).These results revealed that the raw LID-MWCNTs were purified effectively after mixed acid reflux 1 hour,and the cytotoxicity was decreased.
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Objective To investigate the role of peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) in early pregnancy.Methods We collected serum and villus tissues from ninety patients at first trimester.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,real-time PCR,and Western Blotting were applied to examine the PRX3 level in above samples.Results The serum PRX3 in pregnant women was significantly higher than in non -pregnant controls.The expression of PRX3 in villus tissues was increased with gestational progression.Conclusion The oxidative stress was increased in pregnant women.PRX2 plays an active role in antioxidant defense of villus tissues.
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Objective To evaluate effects of different types of gingival flap suture on the quality of life in patients after removal of mandibular third molar. Methods A randomized, controlled clinical trial design was adopted. Sixty-two patients in oral surgery department, Stomatology Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were selected. Patients were required removal of bilateral symmetry impacted mandibular third molars, and enclosed suture (primary suture) was used in one side, open drainage suture (secondary suture) was used in the other side. The postoperative symptom severity scale (PoSSe scale) was used to evaluate the quality of life in patients after removal of mandibular third molar. The evaluation was completed 7 days after surgery, and the scale was compared between two groups. Results A total of 57 cases of clinical data were enrolled in the final analysis. The operative time for primary suture group was (17.7±4.6) min, and the operative time for secondary su?ture group was (16.3 ± 5.1) min, the difference was not statistically significant (t=1.539, P>0.05). The PoSSe score was sig?nificantly higher in primary suture group (26.348 ± 12.414) than that of secondary suture group (21.633 ± 11.382, P<0.05). Conclusion Secondary suture reduces the influence of teeth removal on quality of life in patients through relieving pain and swelling, and which is suitable for clinical application.
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Objective To prepare a targeted antitumor drug delivery system using large-inner-diameter multi-walled carbon nanotubes (LID-MWCNTs) for sustained release and to study its performance. Methods LID-MWCNTs were puri?fied and oxidized,then use nanocarriers and USTs as homologous blockers. Folic acid and fluorescent labels were conjugat?ed onto the external surfaces of nanocarriers. CDDP (cisplatin) was encapsulated and ultrashort tubes (USTs) were employed to block the drug entry/exit paths. The microstructure of resulted drug delivery system (DDS) was observed, while drug load?ing efficiency and drug release profile in vitro were determined. The tumor-targeting property and cytotoxicity of DDS were also assessed. Results LID-MWCNT based sustained release targeted drug delivery system was established. Drug loading efficiency of CDDP@UST-FA-LID-MWCNTs was as high as 70.97%. A typical biphasic sustained release pattern was dem?onstrated, and the accumulating release time was 18 h. DDS exhibited a certain kind of tumor-targeting property, and inhibit?ed proliferation of tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion CDDP@UST-FA-LID-MWCNT drug delivery system exhibited an improved drug loading efficiency and a sustained drug release profile. It could specifically target the tu?mor cells and had a significant antitumor effect.
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Objective To investigate the influence of tooth preparation surface roughness and different dental ce-ments on adhesive strength, and provide some reference information on the selection of dental rotary instruments and dental cements. Methods Sixty dentin samples were prepared and randomly divided into 3 groups. Samples from group A, B and C were grinded by diamond burs with grit-sizes of 125μm, 60μm and 28μm respectively. Two samples selected randomly from each group were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the surface microprofile. The remaining 18 samples from each group were evenly divided into 3 subgroups. Each subgroup was teamed with one of 3 dental cements:zinc polycarboxylate cement (ZP), glass ionomer cement (GI) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGI). Co-Cr alloy casts were cemented onto the dentin samples, and the adhesive strength was tested. Meanwhile, the types of failure were re-corded for each sample. Results The surface roughness of tooth preparation samples showed a downward trend in group A, group B and group C. Among the involved 3 dental cements, RMGI exhibited the highest adhesive strength, and there was no significant difference in the adhesive strength between ZP and GI. Among different combination subgroups, A-RMGI had the highest adhesive strength, B-RMGI run the second place, while C-ZP and C-GI were proved the lowest. However, there was no interaction between the two factors. Furthermore, group A mainly showed failure typesⅠandⅡ, group B evenly showed all the failure types and group C mainly showed failure typesⅡandⅢ. Conclusion The adhesive strength is related to the surface roughness. RMGI exhibits the highest adhesive efficiency. There is no obvious compatibility in particular surface roughness and dental cements.
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Objective To investigate the impact of the modified cast impression technique on distal-extension alve-olar ridge morphology of partially edentulous casts and the restoration outcome of removable partial dentures (PRDs). Meth-ods Fifty-four patients with mandibular free-end dentition defect were selected. Impressions were taken from each patient using both modified cast technique and conventional technique. Coronary cross-sections of the casts were scanned from dis-tal to mesial extension;the images were compared to reveal morphological differences. And the relationship between these differences and location of the cross-sections were analyzed. After the patients were evenly divided into two groups per paired design, the impressions were taken using the respective modified cast and conventional impression techniques to pre-pare RPDs. The subsequent comparisons between the two groups included frequency of adjustments during the adaptive phase, masticatory efficiency of the denture at ending of the adaptive phase and visible movement of the extension base dur-ing mastication. SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The number of pixels in the same cross-sec-tion was less in the impression taken with modified cast technique than that with conventional technique. And their differ-ence is of statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01). The difference in the number of pixels (D) was negatively correlated with the number of cutting and grinding, and N (location of the cross-sections). In addition, there were statistically significant differ-ences in frequency of adjustments during the adaptive phase (times:1.12 ± 0.77 vs 3.41 ± 0.82), masticatory efficiency of the denture (0 vs 18.5%) and visible movement of the extension base during mastication (96.3%vs 74.1%) between the modified cast group and conventional group. Conclusion Morphology of distal-extension alveolar ridge of the casts differs signifi-cantly between the impressions obtained with modified cast technique and the impressions obtained with the conventional technique;the difference increases with greater distance to the distal surface of the terminal abutments. The restoration out-come of RPDs is significantly better with the modified cast impression technique than with the conventional impression tech-nique.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To get aesthetic implant-supported restorations by means of the all-ceramic crown fused to small-size titanium abutment and evaluate the quality of the restorations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A small-size titanium abutment that had extremely thin circumferential collar and axial wall was fabricated, while a Cercon all-ceramic crown made with computer aided manufacture (CAM). The crown was fused to the abutment by firing the opaque porcelain. A total of 6 restorations in 5 patients were installed and assessed according to the California Dental Association (CDA) quality evaluation system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the restorations were fabricated well and ranked in clinic evaluation excellent for surface, anatomical form, marginal quality, and color at baseline and one year after insertion, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The restoration of all-ceramic crown fused to titanium small-size abutment is a new aesthetic alternative for the implant-supported restoration.</p>